A tax lien arises when an individual or business fails to pay owed taxes to federal, state, or local tax authorities. The government files the lien as a public record to establish a legal right against the debtor’s property — such as real estate, vehicles, or other assets — ensuring tax debt recovery takes priority over other creditors.
Types of Tax Liens:
- Federal Tax Liens: Filed by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for unpaid federal taxes. These liens cover all assets owned by the taxpayer.
- State and Local Tax Liens: Issued for unpaid state or local taxes, including income taxes, property taxes, and sales taxes.
How Tax Liens Impact You:
- Credit Score Effect: A tax lien can significantly lower your credit score, making it difficult to obtain loans or credit cards.
- Property Ownership Limitations: The lien restricts your ability to sell or refinance the property without settling the tax debt.
- Public Record: Since liens are publicly recorded, they can damage your financial reputation.
Resolving a Tax Lien:
Payment in full of the outstanding tax debt usually leads to the release of the lien. Partial payment options might be available through installment agreements or offers in compromise with the IRS or state tax agencies. Upon resolution, the government typically files a lien release or withdrawal to clear your credit record.
Steps to Remove a Tax Lien:
- Pay the Tax Debt: Paying in full or qualifying for payment plans.
- Lien Withdrawal: Under certain conditions, the IRS may withdraw the lien if payment arrangements are made promptly.
- Discharge of Property: Requesting the lien be removed from a specific property to sell or refinance.
- Subordination: Allows other creditors to move ahead of the tax lien for financing purposes.
Understanding how tax liens work can help you manage your financial obligations and protect your assets. For more details, see our article on How a Tax Lien Affects You and learn about Discharging a Property from a Federal Tax Lien.
For authoritative guidance and latest updates, visit the IRS website’s section on Tax Liens.