Overview

IRS refund status messages are short notifications the IRS posts in its online tools and by phone to summarize where your tax return is in the processing pipeline. They don’t replace a full explanation from the IRS, but they tell you whether the IRS has your return, has approved a refund, or has sent payment. Use the IRS Where’s My Refund? tool to see these messages (IRS.gov/filing/individuals/tax-return-status).

How the status system works

  • Filing → Receipt: After you file (electronically or by mail) the IRS records receipt of your return. The system then runs automated checks for identity, math errors, eligibility for credits, and possible offsets.
  • Processing → Decision: If the return passes automated checks, the IRS approves any refund and schedules a payment. If there are mismatches or flags, the system may show holds or request additional information.
  • Payment → Delivery: Once approved, the IRS sends the refund by direct deposit or paper check. The status will change to indicate payment was sent and provide an expected delivery date range.

Typical messages and what they mean

Status message What it usually means What to do next
Received The IRS has your return and it’s in the queue for processing. Wait; check again after 24 hours for e-files or 4 weeks for mailed returns. (See IRS Where’s My Refund?)
Approved The IRS has approved your refund amount and is preparing payment. Expect deposit or check within about 21 days for e-filed returns if no other issues exist.
Sent Payment has left the IRS; check your bank or mailbox. Confirm your bank account and monitor for the deposit or wait for the mailed check.
On hold / Needs review Return triggered an identity check, math error, or credit verification. Follow instructions if the IRS requests documents; delays are common.
Offset / Reduced Part or all of your refund was applied to federal or state debts. Review offset details; see resources on offsets and how to challenge them.

Timing expectations (practical)

  • Electronically filed, no issues: most refunds are issued within about 21 days after the IRS accepts the return (IRS.gov/refunds).
  • Paper returns: commonly take several weeks to months depending on backlog—check status after four weeks.
  • Identity verification and certain credits (e.g., Earned Income Tax Credit, Additional Child Tax Credit) can delay refunds until additional review is complete.

Common causes of delays

  • Identity verification or suspected identity theft.
  • Math errors or missing forms.
  • Claims for refundable credits that require extra checks.
  • Refund offsets for federal debts (taxes, past-due student loans, child support) or state garnishments.

In my experience working with clients, identity checks and offsets are the two most frequent causes of multi-week delays. Many clients assume a stuck status means the IRS lost their return; most often it means the return is under extra review.

Practical steps to take for each status

  • Received: Wait the recommended window (24 hours for e-file). Do not re-file.
  • Approved: Confirm direct deposit details. If you chose a check, allow extra mail time.
  • Sent: If deposit doesn’t arrive in the expected window, contact your bank and then the IRS if necessary.
  • On hold / Needs review: Respond promptly to any IRS letters. Gather identity documents, wage records (W-2s), and supporting forms.
  • Offset/Reduced: Review the IRS notice explaining the offset and consult guidance on how to challenge it if you disagree.

When to contact the IRS

  • If the status hasn’t changed after the IRS-recommended wait time (about 21 days for e-files, or four weeks for mailed returns), start with the IRS automated tools and then call the IRS refund line if needed (see IRS.gov/refunds). Have your tax return, Social Security number, filing status, and exact refund amount ready.

Avoid these common mistakes

  • Don’t file a second return for the same year if your status is delayed—duplicate filings often create bigger problems.
  • Don’t assume repeated checks speed processing; they do not.
  • Don’t ignore IRS letters—most fixes require taxpayer action.

Related topics and next steps

Quick FAQ

Q: How soon can I check my refund after filing?
A: For e-filed returns, check Where’s My Refund? 24 hours after the IRS acknowledges receipt. For mailed returns, check after four weeks.

Q: What if my refund was applied to someone else’s debt?
A: The IRS will send a notice explaining the offset. Review it carefully and follow the appeals steps if you believe it’s incorrect.

Professional tips

  • In my practice I advise clients to confirm direct-deposit routing/account numbers before filing and to keep copies of all submitted forms—these small steps resolve many issues quickly.
  • If you’re expecting refundable credits, file early and use e-file with direct deposit to reduce processing time.

Disclaimer

This content is educational and not personalized tax advice. For decisions specific to your situation, consult a tax professional or contact the IRS directly.

Authoritative sources

Last reviewed: 2025.