Quick overview

When the IRS delays a refund for identity reasons it means the agency needs to verify the filer’s identity or investigate a possible fraudulent return. That pause prevents an improper payment, but it also keeps legitimate taxpayers waiting. With the right documents and a structured response you can usually move the case toward resolution sooner.

Step-by-step action plan (what to do first)

  1. Check the IRS status tools immediately
  • Use the IRS “Where’s My Refund” tool to confirm the refund is delayed and note any messages (irs.gov/refunds).
  • If the IRS sent a letter or notice, read it carefully — it explains what documentation the IRS needs and how to respond.
  1. Respond to the IRS notice the way it instructs
  • Many identity-related holds arrive with a clear request (how to verify identity online or by mail). Follow those instructions exactly and keep copies of everything you send. If the notice includes a secure verification URL, use it rather than calling an unknown number.
  1. If you suspect identity theft, file Form 14039
  • Form 14039, Identity Theft Affidavit, tells the IRS you’re a victim and starts their identity-theft procedures (see IRS Identity Theft Central: https://www.irs.gov/identity-theft-central).
  • When completed, submit the form as the IRS directs. Keep a copy and proof of mailing (if sending on paper).
  1. Obtain an IP PIN to protect future filings
  1. File an FTC Identity Theft report and consider a police report
  • Go to IdentityTheft.gov to create a recovery plan and a reported theft record. A police report may be required by some institutions when disputing fraud.
  1. Protect your credit and accounts
  • Order your free credit reports at AnnualCreditReport.com and consider a fraud alert or credit freeze with the three bureaus.
  • Monitor bank statements and change passwords on any compromised accounts.
  1. Keep meticulous records and follow up
  • Save copies of your return, forms, notices, letters, and all correspondence with the IRS or other agencies. Note dates and names on calls.
  • If the IRS provides a case or reference number, use it on follow-ups.
  1. Escalate when appropriate: Taxpayer Advocate Service
  • If your case is stalled more than 30 days or creates financial hardship, contact the Taxpayer Advocate Service (TAS). TAS provides independent assistance; see the TAS page on IRS.gov.

Documents and evidence that help

  • Valid photo ID (driver’s license, state ID, passport)
  • Social Security card or SSA correspondence verifying the SSN
  • Copies of prior-year tax returns or W-2s/1099s that match the return in question
  • Police report or FTC complaint number (if identity theft occurred)
  • Form 14039 (if applicable)
  • Any IRS letters (include the notice number shown on the top-right of IRS letters)

Timing: how long will this take?

There’s no guaranteed timeline. Simple identity verification via IRS online tools can be resolved in days to weeks; confirmed identity-theft cases commonly take weeks to several months depending on complexity and documentation. Err on the side of earlier action — responding promptly and following the IRS instructions reduces delays.

Professional tips I use with clients

  • File early and electronically: Filing early reduces the chance a criminal files before you do. Electronic filings with direct deposit cut risk of a paper check being intercepted.
  • Use an IP PIN proactively if you qualify: Each year, more taxpayers can get an IP PIN; if you’ve been a victim before, an IP PIN should be mandatory in your setup.
  • Send documents by trackable mail: When mailing documents to the IRS, send via certified mail or an equivalent service and keep the tracking receipt.
  • Avoid sharing SSN and tax data by email or text: Use secure portals for tax-pros and financial institutions.
  • Keep a recovery folder: Store copies of Form 14039, FTC reports, police reports, and any IRS correspondence together for quick reference.

Common mistakes that prolong delays

  • Ignoring IRS letters or automated emails claiming to be IRS (scams are common). Always verify with IRS.gov.
  • Not submitting Form 14039 when identity theft is suspected.
  • Sending partial or inconsistent documentation — submit full, clear scans of requested documents.
  • Assuming the IRS will automatically reissue your refund without active follow-up.

When the IRS says your refund was already issued

If the IRS claims the refund was issued but you didn’t receive it or someone else did, report it immediately. That situation can indicate a fraudulent return or refund theft. File Form 14039 if you haven’t already, contact your bank (if direct deposit), and use the FTC/IdentityTheft.gov process to document the crime.

Escalation checklist (if things stall)

  • Confirm the IRS has your complete documents and ask for a case number
  • Wait the specified amount of time in the IRS correspondence before calling back
  • Contact the Taxpayer Advocate Service if delays exceed normal processing times or cause financial damage
  • As a last resort, consider a tax professional or tax attorney to represent you directly with the IRS

Prevention: how to lower the chance this reoccurs

Helpful official resources

Related reading on FinHelp.io

Final notes and professional disclaimer

In my practice helping clients with identity-related tax issues, the most effective outcomes come from early action, careful documentation, and using the IRS-provided identity-protection options (IP PIN). This article is educational only and not a substitute for personalized tax or legal advice — consult a qualified tax professional or attorney if your case involves significant financial loss or legal exposure.

(Authoritative sources: IRS Identity Theft Central and IRS Refunds pages; Consumer Financial Protection Bureau/FTC identity resources.)